Chapter 7: The search for better health (30 questions)
1. A healthy person is considered to function well physically, mentally and socially. The main condition that impairs healthy functioning is disease. A suitable working definition of disease is:
2. Genes and mitosis play roles in maintaining the health of an individual. Which of the following responses best describes the connection between these two components in maintaining health?
3. During cell differentiation, genes are responsible for:
4. The two types of pathogens are:
5. When discussing disease, it is important to understand certain common terms, such as ‘pathogen’. A suitable definition for this term would be which of the following
6. Safe drinking water is an essential component in reducing the opportunity for transmission of disease. There are a number of steps in the process of treating drinking water including:
coagulation and sedimentation
filtration
disinfection.
An appropriate description of the method involving coagulation is:
7. Safe drinking water is an essential component in reducing the opportunity for transmission disease. There are a number of steps in the process of treating drinking water including:
coagulation and sedimentation
filtration
disinfection.
An appropriate description of the method involving disinfection is:
8. The primary position from which Koch’s postulates are derived is the core idea that:
9. In the diagram showing the life cycle of a virus shown:
The description of step 2 would be:
10. In the diagram showing the life cycle of a virus shown:
The description of step 4 would be:
11. Pathogenic bacteria have a disease-causing effect on their
host because they multiply rapidly in blood and tissues and
because they produce:
12. Cholera is a bacterial disease very common in tropical countries. The pathogen is Vibrio cholera. The disease damages the intestinal system but does not enter the blood or tissues. The usual method of transmission is through:
13. Diseases caused by protozoans include:
14. Thrush is a fungal disease that is common in babies and small children. It is also present as a vaginal infection in adult females. The disease is caused by an organism called:
15. Control of amoebic dysentery relies on:
16. An allergy is an immune response ‘gone wrong’. Antigens on the invading objects or organisms that cause an allergic response are called:
17. Infection with the malarial parasite (Plasmodium) is the result of a bite from the female Anopheles mosquito that is carrying the parasite. There are several species of Plasmodium but only four affect humans and cause malaria. Although much has been done to address the treatment and control aspects of the disease, malaria is still a major problem in the world today, affecting 200–400 million people in a number of tropical countries. The main reason for this is:
18. Strategies for the control of malaria will differ in different populations, including:
19. Which type of quarantine procedure involves the enforced detention of living organisms at specially equipped quarantine stations on entering Australia?
20. The detectable signs and easily recognised visible effects on the host organism are also known as the:
21. Enzymes designed to break down foreign material are known as:
22. A type of defence response which results in either binding to the antigen and transporting it to the B-cells and T-cells or destroying the antigen and the pathogen immediately is part of:
23. Types of leucocytes include:
24. Engulfing and destroying pathogens, presenting a pathogen/antigen to a T-cell or B-cell site, and/or mopping up cell debris after the actions of T-cells and B-cells are all functions of:
25. The diagram below represents the:
26. The role of the lymphatic system is to:
27. There are a number of T-lymphocytes in the body that are synthesised in the bone marrow and multiply and mature in the thymus gland. Which of the following choices best describes the role of helper T-cells?
28. The diagram represents part of a model showing the activation and suppression of T-cells and B-cells, and the role of marker molecules:
Models are used in science because:
29. Neutralisation, agglutination and precipitation and destruction by complement are all processes by which:
30. A preparation containing dead or weakened pathogens or toxins that can no longer cause a disease but can act as antigens, stimulating an immune response and immunological memory is the basis for: