In a seamlessly wired world of television, computers, and BlackBerrys, where does ethics fit in? To address that question, Living Ethics calls for a moral convergence to complement the technological one. Identifying principles that apply across media platforms, Michael Bugeja has created a thorough and well-researched work that avoids the prescriptive language used by many texts; instead, he encourages critical thinking through examples that build, challenge, and enhance readers' value systems.
While many ethics texts focus almost exclusively on journalistic ethics, Living Ethics emphasizes unifying principles that collapse and transcend the boundaries of a wide variety of media sources--including newspapers, magazines, radio, television, public relations, photojournalism, advertising, and other forms of traditional and online mass communication. As readers will discover, the circumstances of ethical issues may vary, but the moral processes used to resolve them are basically the same.
Resolutely practical, Living Ethics is written in a clear and cogent style that helps readers:
* Understand unifying principles from historical, philosophical, and political perspectives
* Grasp the utility of principles that engage audiences and clients while respecting the diverse cultures in an increasingly global media environment
* Explore moral convergence through the eyes of more than 100 practitioners at major newsrooms, agencies, and organizations
* Examine ethical issues visually through more than 20 photos and illustrations
* Develop a set of principles to guide their careers across a multitude of platforms
Preface
Introduction
Part One: Building Your Ethical Base
1. Influence
Basic Concepts
Basic Intentions
Basic Influences
The Influence of History
The Influence of Language
Illustration: "Trigger Words"
Balance and Perception
Illustration: "The Fine Line of Objectivity"
Photograph: "Father Holding Son, Who Nearly Drowned," Jared Lazarus
Journal Exercise--"Deprogramming Your Influences"
2. Responsibility
Basic Concepts
Honoring Accountability
Role Models, Mentors, Icons and Idols
Broader Responsibilities
Photograph: "Editors at the Mailbag," Highlights for Children
Moral Relativism and Absolutes
First Principles
Journal Exercise--"You're Absolutely Courageous"
3. Truth
Fonts of Truth
Objectivity as a Process
Truthful Platforms
Truthful Disclosures
Visual Judgment Calls
Photograph: "Grieving Family and Friends," Morris L. Manning
Photograph: "Flight Nurse," Dennis Chamberlin
Photograph: "Marine Funeral," Dennis Chamberlin
Photograph: "Couple Kissing," Dennis Chamberlin
Photograph: "Magdalena," Dennis Chamberlin
Photograph: "Lanier," Dennis Chamberlin
A Word about Satire
Editorial Cartoon: "An Army of One," Jim Borgman
Editorial Cartoon: "NASA," Carmen Cerra
Illustration: "Bunny BioTM--Behind the Fur, Energizer BunnyTM"
Higher Concepts
Journal Exercise--"Your Highs, Lows and Turning Points"
Part Two: Testing Your Ethical Base
4. Falsehood
Basic Concepts
Categories and Consequences
A Word About Quote-Making
Visual Lies
Photo/Illustration: "Crossing the Line in Photojournalism," Diane Bugeja
Questionable Lies
Journal Exercise--"Just How Truthful Are You?"
5. Manipulation
Basic Concepts
Brief History of the Hoax
Categories and Consequences
Defusing the Hoax
Hoaxbusting Methods
Journal Exercise--"Your Biases, Fears and Convictions"
6. Temptation
Dealing with Temptation
A Plagiarism Primer
Detecting Plagiarism
Dealing With Conflicts of Interest
New Media Conflicts
Compassionate Conflicts
Religious and Familial Conflicts
Editorial vs. Advertising Conflicts
Diversity Conflicts
Visual Conflicts
Photograph: "Brian," John Kaplan
Journal Exercise--"Your Own Conflict Resolution"
7. Bias
Exploring Bias
Exploring Stereotypes
Dealing with Bias
Illustration: "Anticipated vs. Received Message"
Journal Exercise--"Taking Stock: Your Personal Bias Barometer"
Part Three: Enhancing Your Ethical Base
8. Fairness
The Fairness Process
Fairness-Related Concepts
Corrections and apologies
Discretion
Journal Exercise--"Do You or Others Play Fair or Foul?"
9. Power
Power Bases
Power of the Press vs. Profits
Censorship vs. Self-Censorship
Taste vs. Free Expression
Illustration: "Child's Subliminal Ad"
Empowerment
Two Cases of Sexual Harassment
Compassion
Photograph: "A Policeman's Torment," John Kaplan
Photograph: "Floodwaters from Hurricane Katrina," AP photo/Vincent Laforet
Essay: "Ode to New Orleans," by Charlotte Porter
Photograph: "Roadside Memorial," by Diane Bugeja
Photograph: "Final Moments," by Therese Frare
Essay: "Lasting Moments," by Therese Frare
Journal Exercise--"Your Path to Empowerment"
10. Value Systems
Personal and Professional Standards
Creating Codes
Photograph: "A Sampling of Codes"
Journal Exercise--"Your Own Code of Ethics"
Bibliography
Index
Michael BugejaDirector of the Greenlee School of Journalism and Communication, Iowa State University
"This phosphorescent book puts communication ethics on a new order of magnitude. Living Ethics is destined to become a classic in the tradition of Norbert Wiener's Cybernetics, Jacques Ellul's Propaganda, and Jean Baudrillard's Simulations. Brilliant in content and spectacular in research, a master teacher and public intellectual are at work here. Establishing ethics discourse across media platforms is exactly what the field needs in a technological age and we'll never be able to think about ethics in static terms again. With formalism discredited and relativism simplistic, Living Ethics is an ingenious alternative."--Clifford Christians, College of Communications, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign